Study topic 10

Conditions, incidents & emergencies

Prepare for reversing, difficult conditions, rail crossings, special and emergency vehicles, breakdowns, incidents and basic first aid.

By the end, you should be able to

  • Use lights and speed for the conditions
  • Make a breakdown scene visible
  • Prioritise safety while calling for trained help
01

Plan reversing safely

Check behind for people and obstructions; mirrors alone do not show every blind area. Get someone to guide you if you cannot see clearly. Never reverse into a main road: arrange to join it facing forward.

Zambian Highway Code · Rules 233–237
02

See and be seen

Use headlights in poor daylight and drive within the distance you can see to be clear. Use dipped headlights (low beam) in heavy rain, smoke, fog, smog or behind a vehicle on a dusty road. If oncoming headlights dazzle you, slow down or stop.

Zambian Highway Code · Rules 242–244 and 246
03

Obey roadworks controls

Follow temporary signs and speed limits, choose the correct lane early and stay outside coned-off areas. Do not change lanes to pass a queue. Switch on lights on roads under construction, including detours.

Zambian Highway Code · Rule 197
04

Railway crossings need a clear exit

Rule 261 requires a stop before every railway crossing, even without signs. Do not enter unless the far side is clear. Stop and wait while red lights flash. If the warning starts when you are already crossing, keep going until you are clear.

Zambian Highway Code · Rules 255–256, 258 and 260–261
05

Make room for emergency vehicles

Consider the route of an emergency vehicle using lights or a siren. Make room and pull aside or stop if needed, without endangering others. The Code separately requires drivers to give way and stop for the State motorcade, without overtaking it or following immediately behind.

Zambian Highway Code · Rules 266–267
06

Make a breakdown visible

Think of other road users first. Move the vehicle off the road if possible and use hazard lights if it obstructs traffic. Put out the prescribed reflective warning triangles with care for passing traffic. Keep sidelights on in poor visibility and never stand between the vehicle and oncoming traffic.

Zambian Highway Code · Rule 262
07

Call for help after a crash

Stop, switch off the engine and warn traffic with hazard lights. Arrange an immediate call to emergency services with the location and casualty details. Move uninjured people to safety and stay until emergency services arrive.

Zambian Highway Code · Rule 119
08

Avoid moving injured people unnecessarily

Normally leave injured people in place because movement can worsen an injury. Rule 119(v) permits removal from a vehicle in immediate danger from fire or explosion; the first-aid chapter also covers danger that cannot be made safe. Use protective gloves, keep injured people warm and do not give food or drink. Learn practical first aid from a government-approved organisation.

Zambian Highway Code · Rule 119(v); first-aid chapter, printed pages 60–61
09

Keep away from dangerous loads

After a crash involving dangerous goods, switch off the engine, do not smoke and keep well away. Call emergency services and report label or marking details only if you can obtain them safely. Do not use a mobile phone close to a vehicle carrying flammable loads.

Zambian Highway Code · Rule 123

Topic check

Answer 11 questions on emergencies

Every answer includes an explanation and a Highway Code rule reference.

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